{"id":11056,"date":"2022-02-25T08:39:47","date_gmt":"2022-02-25T07:39:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/uncategorized\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/"},"modified":"2023-02-01T12:31:33","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T11:31:33","slug":"application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/","title":{"rendered":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"rn-su-progress-bar-wrap\" style=\"margin:6px 0;\"><div class=\"rn-su-progress-bar-outer\"><div class=\"rn-su-progress-bar \" style=\"width:100%;background:#f0f0f0;border-radius:4px;overflow:hidden;\"><div class=\"rn-su-progress-bar-inner\" style=\"width:99.00%;background:#971313;color:#ffffff;padding:4px 8px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;\">BEST TECHNICAL ARTICLE 2022<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"rn-icon-panel__wrap\" style=\"display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;\"><a class=\"rn-icon-panel descargar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Art.-de-Enusa.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" style=\"--rn-bg:#8baf31;--rn-color:#ffffff;--rn-border:0px solid;--rn-shadow:0px 0px 0px;--rn-rounded:12px;--rn-padding:14px;--rn-gap:10px;--rn-icon-size:30px;\"><span class=\"rn-icon-panel__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img src=\"https:\/\/revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/click.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><\/span><span class=\"rn-icon-panel__text\">SEE FULL VERSION<\/span><\/a><br><\/div><span class=\"su-dropcap su-dropcap-style-simple\" style=\"font-size:2.5em\">N<\/span>eural Networks are an incipient technology and its use in real applications, including industrial ones, is ever increasing. The current computational power and the evolution of machine learning techniques allow the implementation of systems based on neural networks that a few years ago only were used at laboratory and for theoretical applications.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">ENUSA, as nuclear fuel manufacturer, must comply with high quality standards for the manufacturing process. An example of it applied to nuclear fuel pellets manufacturing are the automatic visual inspection equipment for defect detection and pellet rejection at ENUSA factory. This equipment has been developed by ENUSA since 2000; two of them have been exploited at ENUSA\u2019s factory, and, in 2019, a third one was supplied to Jianzhong Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. (CJNF) at Yibin (China).<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Automatic Pellet Inspection Equipment (API) uses traditional image analysis techniques. Thanks to the effectiveness shown by this equipment, ENUSA continued working on its technical evolution, more so considering the improvements image acquisition systems and image analysis techniques over the last years.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The use of deep neural networks (DNN) for image pellet analysis provides more reliable results and superior capacity to discriminate small changes in the image compared to traditional techniques. Based on all this, ENUSA decided to investigate DNN and its use in API equipment, within a collaboration project with AUDIAS (Audio, Data Intelligence and Speech) research group of \u201c<i>Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid<\/i>\u201d. This research group has considerable experience in neural networks and signal processing for real applications.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11041\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11041\" style=\"width: 521px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11041\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1-1-300x147.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"521\" height=\"274\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11041\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11041\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1-1-300x147.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"521\" height=\"274\" \/><\/noscript><\/a> <em>Basic scheme of visual system components disposition and example of acquired image.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1.tif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11036\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1.tif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11036\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig1.tif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Thanks to this collaboration an image analysis system based on deep neural networks has been developed. This system is capable to detect the defects on the pellet images acquired by the API and classify them. The project included the developing of the image analysis system based on DNN; the creation of a defect database by manually labelling the defects on the images; and a software tool to create a big quantity of new defects in an artificial and obtain better results on the network trainings.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The image analysis system based on DNN has two clearly differentiated parts: a convolutional neural network and a network \u201cfully connected\u201d neural layers, joined by a flatten operation (matrix to unidimensional array data transformation). The convolutional layers extract the more representative image characteristics and the \u201cfully connected\u201d layers determines the defect presence and its type.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">To find the better network architecture, multiple test were performed with different network configurations (size of input image, number of convolutional layers, size of kernel filters, number of fully connected layers and neurons per layer, etc.). Using the architecture that obtains the better success rate (percentage of defects properly classified according manual labelled defects), a success level of 90% is achieved.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11043\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11043\" style=\"width: 778px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11043\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-300x103.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"778\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-770x264.jpg 770w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-500x172.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-293x100.jpg 293w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11043\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11043\" src=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-300x103.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"778\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-770x264.jpg 770w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-500x172.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2-293x100.jpg 293w, https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/fig2.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a> <em>Basic structure of image classification system based on neural network.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">This result demonstrates the potential of DNN for the image analysis and confirms the feasibility for its usage on defect detection and classification on UO<span class=\"s1\"><sub>2<\/sub><\/span> pellets inspection.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Currently ENUSA is working on the integration of this system based on DNNs on API\u2019s inspection software to test its behaviour on real conditions and compare both image analysis systems under the same conditions. The final comparison will be determined by the defect classification and, ultimately, the false acceptance and the false rejection levels.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>eural Networks are an incipient technology and its use in real applications, including industrial ones, is ever increasing. The current computational power and the evolution of machine learning techniques allow the implementation of systems based on neural networks that a few years ago only were used at laboratory and for theoretical applications. ENUSA, as nuclear fuel manufacturer, must comply with high quality standards for the manufacturing process. An example of it applied to nuclear fuel pellets manufacturing are the automatic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1327,"featured_media":11054,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,67],"tags":[2423,2188,2431,2430,2429],"coauthors":[2436,2435,2434,2433,2437],"class_list":["post-11056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fuel-cycle","category-technology-and-innovation","tag-machine-learning-2","tag-machine-learning","tag-neural-networks","tag-pellets","tag-visual-inspection"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"eural Networks are an incipient technology and its use in real applications, including industrial ones, is ever increasing. The current computational power and the evolution of machine learning techniques allow the implementation of systems based on neural networks that a few years ago only were used at laboratory and for theoretical applications. ENUSA, as nuclear fuel manufacturer, must comply with high quality standards for the manufacturing process. An example of it applied to nuclear fuel pellets manufacturing are the automatic [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Revista Nuclear Espa\u00f1a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SNE.spain\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"809\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya, \u00c1ngel Ramos, Pablo Ram\u00edrez Hereza, David Verdejo, Doroteo Torre Toledano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SNEu235\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SNEu235\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya, \u00c1ngel Ramos, Pablo Ram\u00edrez Hereza, David Verdejo, Doroteo Torre Toledano\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e713f48af9cb8030f02f7db245bd05e6\"},\"headline\":\"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":654,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/apigrand.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"machine learning\",\"machine learning\",\"neural networks\",\"pellets\",\"visual inspection\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Fuel Cycle\",\"Technology and Innovation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/\",\"name\":\"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/apigrand.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/apigrand.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/apigrand.jpg\",\"width\":1440,\"height\":809},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Revista Nuclear Espa\u00f1a\",\"description\":\"Revista de los profesionales del sector nuclear en Espa\u00f1a cuya misi\u00f3n es la divulgaci\u00f3n de la ciencia y tecnolog\u00eda nuclear. El objetivo de la Revista es la publicaci\u00f3n de art\u00edculos y contenidos de car\u00e1cter t\u00e9cnico y divulgativo, en diversas \u00e1reas tem\u00e1ticas como son clima y medioambiente, transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica, instalaciones nucleares y radiactivas, tecnolog\u00eda nuclear e innovaci\u00f3n, seguridad nuclear y protecci\u00f3n radiol\u00f3gica, ciclo de combustible, residuos radiactivos.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"SPANISH NUCLEAR SOCIETY\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/avatar-NE.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/avatar-NE.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"SPANISH NUCLEAR SOCIETY\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/SNE.spain\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/SNEu235\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e713f48af9cb8030f02f7db245bd05e6\",\"name\":\"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/sergio-100x100.jpgc8d12c615c0d46c162e64e6a3d5a84c3\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/sergio-100x100.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/sergio-100x100.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya\"},\"description\":\"Estudiante de doctorado y personal investigador del Grupo AUDIAS UNIVERSIDAD AUT\u00d3NOMA DE MADRID\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/author\\\/sergio_alvarez\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle","og_description":"eural Networks are an incipient technology and its use in real applications, including industrial ones, is ever increasing. The current computational power and the evolution of machine learning techniques allow the implementation of systems based on neural networks that a few years ago only were used at laboratory and for theoretical applications. ENUSA, as nuclear fuel manufacturer, must comply with high quality standards for the manufacturing process. An example of it applied to nuclear fuel pellets manufacturing are the automatic [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/","og_site_name":"Revista Nuclear Espa\u00f1a","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SNE.spain","article_published_time":"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1440,"height":809,"url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya, \u00c1ngel Ramos, Pablo Ram\u00edrez Hereza, David Verdejo, Doroteo Torre Toledano","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@SNEu235","twitter_site":"@SNEu235","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya, \u00c1ngel Ramos, Pablo Ram\u00edrez Hereza, David Verdejo, Doroteo Torre Toledano","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/"},"author":{"name":"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/e713f48af9cb8030f02f7db245bd05e6"},"headline":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets","datePublished":"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/"},"wordCount":654,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg","keywords":["machine learning","machine learning","neural networks","pellets","visual inspection"],"articleSection":["Fuel Cycle","Technology and Innovation"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/","name":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets - Fuel Cycle","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg","datePublished":"2022-02-25T07:39:47+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-01T11:31:33+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/apigrand.jpg","width":1440,"height":809},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/application-of-deep-neural-networks-in-automatic-visual-inspection-of-uo2-pellets\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Application of deep neural networks in automatic visual inspection of UO2 pellets"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/","name":"Revista Nuclear Espa\u00f1a","description":"Revista de los profesionales del sector nuclear en Espa\u00f1a cuya misi\u00f3n es la divulgaci\u00f3n de la ciencia y tecnolog\u00eda nuclear. El objetivo de la Revista es la publicaci\u00f3n de art\u00edculos y contenidos de car\u00e1cter t\u00e9cnico y divulgativo, en diversas \u00e1reas tem\u00e1ticas como son clima y medioambiente, transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica, instalaciones nucleares y radiactivas, tecnolog\u00eda nuclear e innovaci\u00f3n, seguridad nuclear y protecci\u00f3n radiol\u00f3gica, ciclo de combustible, residuos radiactivos.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#organization","name":"SPANISH NUCLEAR SOCIETY","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/avatar-NE.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/avatar-NE.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"SPANISH NUCLEAR SOCIETY"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SNE.spain","https:\/\/x.com\/SNEu235"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/e713f48af9cb8030f02f7db245bd05e6","name":"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/sergio-100x100.jpgc8d12c615c0d46c162e64e6a3d5a84c3","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/sergio-100x100.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/sergio-100x100.jpg","caption":"Sergio \u00c1lvarez Balanya"},"description":"Estudiante de doctorado y personal investigador del Grupo AUDIAS UNIVERSIDAD AUT\u00d3NOMA DE MADRID","url":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/author\/sergio_alvarez\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1327"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11056"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21512,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056\/revisions\/21512"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11056"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=11056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}