{"id":28792,"date":"2025-04-23T08:37:33","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T06:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/?p=28792"},"modified":"2025-04-25T10:34:07","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T08:34:07","slug":"spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\/","title":{"rendered":"Spent fuel oxidation in non-inert atmospheres"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"rn-icon-panel__wrap\" style=\"display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;\"><a class=\"rn-icon-panel descargar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Art.-Ciclo-Combustible.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" style=\"--rn-bg:#8baf31;--rn-color:#ffffff;--rn-border:0px solid;--rn-shadow:0px 0px 0px;--rn-rounded:12px;--rn-padding:14px;--rn-gap:10px;--rn-icon-size:30px;\"><span class=\"rn-icon-panel__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img src=\"https:\/\/revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/click.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><\/span><span class=\"rn-icon-panel__text\">SEE FULL VERSION<\/span><\/a><br><\/div><span class=\"su-dropcap su-dropcap-style-simple\" style=\"font-size:2.5em\">S<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pent fuel management may require dry spent fuel handling and unloading operations at fuel assembly levels, such as in some of the stages prior to its final disposal in the future Deep Geological Disposal Facility (DGF).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fuel assembly handling may be carried out in air or in an inert atmosphere. At high temperatures, fuel pellet fragments from defective rods may oxidize if handling atmosphere is oxidizing. Fuel oxidation leads to swelling and eventually failure propagation, allowing a potential release of radioactive material.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxidation mechanism of UO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pellets is well known, however there is a lack of knowledge about oxidation kinetics and the impact of parameters, such us temperature and oxygen content of the atmosphere. Additionally, the limited existing literature is mainly focused on unirradiated uranium oxides, pellet simulators or real pellets irradiated at burnups below 35\u00a0MWd\/kgU.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To further investigate the kinetics of oxidation and determine the most appropriate operational conditions for the handling of spent fuel in air or in partially inert atmospheres, ENRESA and ENUSA developed a hot-cell experimental program of oxidation tests on irradiated fuels of different burnups, including high burnup fuels. Fuel oxidation behavior is studied by controlled oxidation tests using thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction techniques in the Studsvik hot-cell facilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selected irradiated fuel pellets for oxidation tests, along with testing parameters and the main oxidation results obtained so far, are presented in this paper.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>pent fuel management may require dry spent fuel handling and unloading operations at fuel assembly levels, such as in some of the stages prior to its final disposal in the future Deep Geological Disposal Facility (DGF). Fuel assembly handling may be carried out in air or in an inert atmosphere. At high temperatures, fuel pellet fragments from defective rods may oxidize if handling atmosphere is oxidizing. Fuel oxidation leads to swelling and eventually failure propagation, allowing a potential release of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1675,"featured_media":28853,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[3790,3789,3791,3792,3793,1560,3794],"coauthors":[3798,3799,3800,3801],"class_list":["post-28792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fuel-cycle","tag-atmosphere","tag-deep-geological-repository","tag-discharge-cell","tag-drx-en","tag-oxidation-en","tag-spent-fuel","tag-tga-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Spent fuel oxidation in non-inert atmospheres - Fuel Cycle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spent fuel oxidation in non-inert atmospheres - Fuel Cycle\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"pent fuel management may require dry spent fuel handling and unloading operations at fuel assembly levels, such as in some of the stages prior to its final disposal in the future Deep Geological Disposal Facility (DGF). Fuel assembly handling may be carried out in air or in an inert atmosphere. At high temperatures, fuel pellet fragments from defective rods may oxidize if handling atmosphere is oxidizing. Fuel oxidation leads to swelling and eventually failure propagation, allowing a potential release of [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/en\/fuel-cycle\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Revista Nuclear Espa\u00f1a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SNE.spain\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-23T06:37:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-25T08:34:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistanuclear.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Cabecera-OK.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lustolde Mart\u00ednez, Rodolfo Canencia, Ana Mu\u00f1oz, Fernando Lentijo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SNEu235\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SNEu235\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lustolde Mart\u00ednez, Rodolfo Canencia, Ana Mu\u00f1oz, Fernando Lentijo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lustolde Mart\u00ednez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6cc2d222667e9c3c209daadfa7caa53f\"},\"headline\":\"Spent fuel oxidation in non-inert atmospheres\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-23T06:37:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-25T08:34:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":291,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/Cabecera-OK.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"atmosphere\",\"deep geological repository\",\"discharge cell\",\"DRX\",\"oxidation\",\"spent fuel\",\"TGA\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Fuel Cycle\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistanuclear.es\\\/en\\\/fuel-cycle\\\/spent-fuel-oxidation-in-non-inert-atmospheres\\\/\",\"name\":\"Spent fuel oxidation in non-inert atmospheres - 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